Table des matières
- 2026:
- 2025:
4 billet(s) pour septembre 2026
| Notes HTTP Strict Transport Security - HSTS | 2026/09/18 11:04 | Jean-Baptiste |
| Notes GNU Linux GPU carte graphiques | 2026/09/08 15:49 | Jean-Baptiste |
| Notes GNU Linux graphique | 2026/09/08 15:42 | Jean-Baptiste |
| Notes urlencoding - passer des mots de passe en HTTPS | 2026/09/03 17:58 | Jean-Baptiste |
Python virtualenv pyvenv pyenv pipenv poetry
Voir :
- poetry
Voir uv : remplace pip, pipx, poetry, pyenv :
pyvenv
Remplacé par python3 -m venv
pyvenv plop cd plop source bin/activate pip install --upgrade pip #deactivate
pyvenv cd env/ cd .. source env/bin/activate pip install -r requirements.txt
python3 -m venv plop source plop/bin/activate
pipenv
Source : http://sametmax.com/pipenv-solution-moderne-pour-remplacer-pip-et-virtualenv/
Préciser la version de Python à utiliser | python2 | --two | | python3 | --three |
Install via PIP
python3 -m pip install pip --upgrade --user python3 -m pip install pipenv --user
Install via apt
apt-get install pipenv
Exemple
pipenv run python pipenv shell pipenv install --dev
# Créer le fichier des dépendances pipenv lock # Installer toutes les dépendances pipenv install
Afficher les dépendances
pipenv graph
Chemin du dossier du virtualenv
pipenv --venv
Pb
AttributeError: module 'pip' has no attribute 'get_installed_distributions'
$ pipenv check
Checking PEP 508 requirements…
Passed!
Checking installed package safety…
An error occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/runpy.py", line 193, in _run_module_as_main
"__main__", mod_spec)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code
exec(code, run_globals)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pipenv/patched/safety.zip/__main__.py", line 8, in <module>
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pipenv/patched/safety.zip/click/core.py", line 722, in __call__
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pipenv/patched/safety.zip/click/core.py", line 697, in main
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pipenv/patched/safety.zip/click/core.py", line 1066, in invoke
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pipenv/patched/safety.zip/click/core.py", line 895, in invoke
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pipenv/patched/safety.zip/click/core.py", line 535, in invoke
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pipenv/patched/safety.zip/safety/cli.py", line 52, in check
AttributeError: module 'pip' has no attribute 'get_installed_distributions'
Solution
sudo apt-get -y autoremove --purge pipenv python3-virtualenv-clone
$ python3 -m pip install pip --upgrade --user $ python3 -m pip install pipenv --user
Cluster Pacemaker et Corosync partition GFS2
Brouillon
Voir :
Voir aussi :
/sbin/lvmconf --enable-cluster
ou
/etc/lvm/lvm.conf
locking_type = 3
sed -i -e "s/use_lvmetad \= 1/use_lvmetad \= 0/g" /etc/lvm/lvm.conf systemctl stop lvm2-lvmetad.service dracut -H -f /boot/initramfs-$(uname -r).img $(uname -r)
yum install rgmanager lvm2-cluster gfs2-utils mkfs.gfs2 -p lock_dlm -t my_cluster:FSName -j 2 /dev/sdb
-j 2
2 journaux car deux nœuds
Teste
mount -t gfs2 -o locktable="my_cluster:FSName" /dev/sdb /mnt/gfs/
pcs resource create dlm ocf:pacemaker:controld op monitor interval=30s on-fail=fence clone interleave=true ordered=true pcs resource create clvmd ocf:heartbeat:clvm op monitor interval=30s on-fail=fence clone interleave=true ordered=true pcs constraint order start dlm-clone then clvmd-clone pcs constraint colocation add clvmd-clone with dlm-clone
pcs resource create clusterfs Filesystem device="/dev/vg_data/lv_test1" directory="/mnt/gfs" fstype="gfs2" "options=noatime" \ op monitor interval=10s on-fail=fence clone interleave=true
Pb
Transport endpoint is not connected
mount: mount /dev/sdb on /mnt/gfs failed: Transport endpoint is not connected
Solution
systemctl start dlm
systemctl enable dlm
Python tests unitaires
Voir aussi:
- unittest (moins pratique que pytest)
Source : http://sametmax.com/un-gros-guide-bien-gras-sur-les-tests-unitaires-en-python-partie-3/
Voir aussi les différents types de test :
- Tests unitaires (au format unittest ou pytest) : units
- Tests d’intégration : integration
- Tests syntaxique : sanity
#pip3 install pytest apt-get install python3-pytest
Voir aussi : Testinfra
test_plop.py
#! /usr/bin/python3 # coding: utf-8 #import pytest from func import plop def test_plop(): assert foo == bar
pytest-3
Autre
~/swift/.unittests
#!/bin/bash TOP_DIR=$(dirname $(realpath "$0")) cd $TOP_DIR/test/unit nosetests --exe --with-coverage --cover-package swift --cover-erase --cover-branches --cover-html --cover-html-dir="$TOP_DIR"/cover $@ rvalue=$? rm -f .coverage cd - exit $rvalue
$ dpkg -S /usr/bin/nosetests python-nose: /usr/bin/nosetests
Note Python pip
Voir aussi :
- poetry
Voir uv : remplace pip, pipx, poetry, pyenv,
Do not run pip install as root (or with sudo)
Installation dans ~/.local/bin/
easy_install --user pip
Liste des “packages” installés dans la sessions de l'utilisateur :
pip freeze --local
Ou
python -m ensurepip
Voir aussi pipreqs
Installer un package depuis un dépôt git
pip install --user git+https://github.com/benoit-intrw/livestreamer
Mise à jour des “packages” locaux
pip install --local -U livestreamer
Installation d'un “package” dans la session de l'utilisateur (pas besoin de droit root) (pas besoin de prendre le risque d’abîmer sa distro)
pip install --user livestreamer
Tous mettre à jour localement
pip freeze --local | grep -v '^\-e' | cut -d = -f 1 | xargs -n1 pip install -U
Source http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2720014/upgrading-all-packages-with-pip
Fichier requirements.txt
env1/bin/pip freeze > requirements.txt env2/bin/pip install -r requirements.txt
Voir aussi pipreqs
Exemple de fichier requirements.txt
requirements.txt
numpy>=1.15.0 opencv-python>=3.4.2.17 pandas>=0.23.3 --no-binary pandas Pillow>=5.2.0 tensorflow==1.8.0 tensorflow-gpu==1.8.0
Variable Python - utiliser les dist-packages depuis un environnement virtuel
~/.bashrc
export PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/:$HOME/test/lib/python3.5/site-packages/
Utiliser /usr/local
~/.config/pip/pip.conf
[global] target = /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages
Ou
PIP_TARGET=/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages
~/.bashrc
export PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages
Exemple de PIP en interne
pip.conf
[global] timeout = 300 index-url = https://pypi.acme.fr/pypi/+simple/ cert = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
pip.conf
mkdir -p ~/.pip/ && \ echo "[global]" >> ~/.pip/pip.conf && \ URLPIP="https://artifactory.packages.install-os.acme.local/api/pypi/ext_pypi/simple" && \ echo "index = $URLPIP " >> ~/.pip/pip.conf && \ echo "index-url = $URLPIP " >> ~/.pip/pip.conf && \ echo "cert = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt " >> ~/.pip/pip.conf
Autres
ssh -R3128:192.168.56.1:3128 user@192.168.205.11 export http_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:3128 export https_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:3128 python3 -m venv test cd test source bin/activate pip install -U pip # pip install --use-feature=2020-resolver plop pip install --no-binary pandas pandas #deactivate
export PIP_BREAK_SYSTEM_PACKAGES=1
constraints
You can achieve this with a constraints file. Just put all your constraints into that file:
constraints.txt
google-api-core==1.16.0
Then you can install via:
python -m pip install -c constraints.txt google-cloud-secret-manager
This will try every version of google-cloud-secret-manager, starting from the most recent version, until it finds a version that is compatible with the given constraints.
pipx
python3 -m pip install --user pipx python3 -m pipx ensurepath
Python Pb pip
Erreur - ImportError: cannot import name IncompleteRead
ImportError: cannot import name IncompleteRead
Solution
apt-get remove python-pip
easy_install pip
Erreur 'extras_require' must be a directory whose
Solution
sudo -H pip install --upgrade --ignore-installed pip setuptools
Erreur binary_only = FormatControl(set(), {':all:'})
pip install --upgrade pip
$ pip
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/bin/pip", line 7, in <module>
from pip._internal.main import main
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/main.py", line 13, in <module>
from pip._internal.cli.autocompletion import autocomplete
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/autocompletion.py", line 11, in <module>
from pip._internal.cli.main_parser import create_main_parser
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/main_parser.py", line 7, in <module>
from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/cmdoptions.py", line 105
binary_only = FormatControl(set(), {':all:'})
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
Solution
Utiliser une version de pip compatible avec la version de python installé
Exemple pour Python 2.6 (RedHat / CentOS 6)
curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/2.6/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py python get-pip.py
Puis
sudo -H pip install --upgrade --ignore-installed pip setuptools
Pb pip3 search
ERROR: XMLRPC request failed
$ pip3 search pulumi ERROR: XMLRPC request failed [code: -32500] RuntimeError: PyPI's XMLRPC API is currently disabled due to unmanageable load and will be deprecated in the near future. S ee https://status.python.org/ for more information
Solution
pip3 install --user pip_search pip_search pulumi
alias pip='function _pip(){ if [ $1 = "search" ]; then pip_search "$2"; else pip "$@"; fi; };_pip'
Erreur : plop.whl is not a supported wheel on this platform.
Création d'un venv
python3 -m venv plop_venv cd plop_venv/ source bin/activate
$ python3.6 -m pip install ~/tmp/confluent_kafka-1.7.0-cp36-cp36m-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl confluent_kafka-1.7.0-cp36-cp36m-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl is not a supported wheel on this platform. # Logs pip install /tmp/confluent_kafka-1.7.0-cp36-cp36m-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl --log pip.log
...
pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.python.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /pypi/pip/json (Caused by NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x7f2e0d813c18>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno -2] Name or service not known',))
...
Premier pb, le serveur n'a pas accès à Internet. Regardons les dépendance de notre paquet whl. Une fois dézippé la liste des dépendances se trouve ici : confluent_kafka-1.7.0.dist-info/METADATA Dans notre cas, nous n'avons aucune dépendance stricte
mkdir plop cd plop unzip -x ../confluent_kafka-1.7.0-cp36-cp36m-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl grep 'Requires-Dist' confluent_kafka-1.7.0.dist-info/METADATA | grep -v 'extra' Requires-Dist: futures ; python_version < "3.2" Requires-Dist: enum34 ; python_version < "3.4"
# Logs sans tentative de connexion à internet pip install /tmp/confluent_kafka-1.7.0-cp36-cp36m-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl --log pip.log -f ./ --no-deps --no-index # Sortir du venv deactivate
Solution
Mettre à jour PIP
pip install /tmp/pip-21.3.1-py3-none-any.whl pip install /tmp/confluent_kafka-1.7.0-cp36-cp36m-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl
